Okwu agụụ nkịtị

N'izu a, achịkọtala m ndepụta ụfọdụ okwu agụụ na-agụkarị iji kwado nghọta ka mma nke teknụzụ oghere.

1. Vacuum ogo

Ogo nke mkpa gas na oghere, na-egosipụtakarị site na "oke oghere" na "obere oghere".Ọkwa oghere dị elu pụtara “ezigbo” ọkwa agụụ, obere oghere pụtara “ogbenye” ọkwa agụụ.

2. Vacuum unit

A na-ejikarị Torr (Torr) dị ka otu, n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ojiji mba ụwa nke Pa (Pa) dị ka otu.

1 Torr = 1/760 atm = 1 mmHg 1 Torr = 133.322 Pa ma ọ bụ 1 Pa = 7.5×10^-3Torr.

3. pụtara free anya

Nkezi anya njem site na nkukota gas abụọ na-esochi n'ihu na mmegharị ọkụ na-adịghị agafe agafe, nke akara "λ" gosipụtara.

4, Ultimate oghere

Mgbe a gbasachara ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpamkpam, a na-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike n'ogo ụfọdụ oghere, nke a na-akpọ oghere kacha.Ọtụtụ mgbe, ụgbọ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ga-emerịrị maka awa 12, wee gbanye ya maka awa 12, a na-atụ elekere ikpeazụ kwa nkeji 10 ọ bụla, na nkezi uru nke ugboro iri bụ uru kachasị mma.

5. Ọnụego mmiri

Ọnụ ego gas na-agafe na ngalaba aka ike kwa nkeji oge, nke "Q" nọchiri anya ya, na Pa-L/s (Pa-L/s) ​​ma ọ bụ Torr-L/s (Torr-L/s).

6. Ọkpụkpụ omume

Na-egosi ikike nke ọkpọkọ agụụ ịfefe gas.Nkeji a bụ lita kwa nkeji (L/s).N'ọnọdụ kwụ ọtọ, ntụgharị ntụgharị nke ọkpọkọ dị nhata nke ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ kewara site na ọdịiche dị na nrụgide n'etiti nsọtụ abụọ nke ọkpọkọ.Akara maka nke a bụ "U".

U = Q/(P2-P1)

7. Ọnụ ego mgbapụta

N'oge ụfọdụ nrụgide na okpomọkụ, gas a na-agbapụ na ntinye mgbapụta n'ime nkeji oge ka a na-akpọ ọnụego mgbapụta, ma ọ bụ ịgbapụta ọsọ.Ya bụ, Sp = Q / (P - P0)

8, nloghachi eruba ọnụego

Mgbe mgbapụta ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dịka ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ si dị, oke mmiri nke mmiri mmiri na-agbapụta site na mpaghara ntinye mgbapụta mgbapụta na oge nkeji n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke mgbapụta, akụkụ ya bụ g / (cm2-s).

9, ọnyà oyi (mmiri jụrụ baffle)

Ngwa etinyere n'etiti arịa oghere na mgbapụta maka ịgbanye gas ma ọ bụ ọnyà vapour mmanụ.

10, Gas ballast valvụ

A na-emepe obere oghere n'ime ụlọ mkpakọ nke mgbapụta mgbapụta igwe na-ekpuchi mmanụ ma tinye valvụ na-achịkwa.Mgbe e meghere valvụ ahụ ma gbanwee ikuku ikuku, rotor na-atụgharị gaa n'otu ọnọdụ na ikuku na-ejikọta ya n'ime ụlọ mkpakọ site na oghere a iji belata mkpakọ mkpakọ ka ọtụtụ n'ime uzuoku ahụ ghara ịmịkọrọ na gas na-ejikọta ya. na-ewepu si na mgbapụta ọnụ.

11, Vacuum ifriizi ihicha

ihicha ikuku ifriizi, nke a makwaara dị ka ihicha sublimation.Ụkpụrụ ya bụ ifriizi ihe ahụ ka mmiri dị n'ime ya wee ghọọ ice, wee mee ka ice sublimate n'okpuru oghere iji nweta nzube ihicha.

12, Vacuum ihicha

Usoro nke ihicha ngwongwo site n'iji njirimara nke ebe esi mmiri dị ala na gburugburu oghere.

13. Vacuum vepor deposition

N'ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ, a na-ekpo ọkụ ma tinye ihe ahụ n'elu ihe a na-akpọ vacuum vapor deposition, ma ọ bụ mkpuchi oghere.

14. Ọnụ ego ntapu

Ọnụọgụ ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ irighiri ihe na-esi n'otu oghere na-asọpụta n'otu nkeji oge.Ngalaba iwu anyị nke ọnụego ntapu bụ Pa·m³/s.

15. ndabere

Ọkwa kwụsiri ike karịa ma ọ bụ ọnụọgụ radieshon ma ọ bụ ụda nke gburugburu ebe ọ dị.

[Nkwupụta ikike nwebisiinka]: Ọdịnaya nke akụkọ sitere na netwọkụ, ikike nwebisiinka bụ nke onye edemede mbụ, ọ bụrụ na enwere mmebi ọ bụla, biko kpọtụrụ anyị ka ihichapụ.