1. Kodi mpope ndi chiyani?
A: Pampu ndi makina omwe amasintha mphamvu zamakina a poyambira kukhala mphamvu zopopera zakumwa.
2. Kodi mphamvu ndi chiyani?
A: Kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomwe yachitika pa nthawi imodzi imatchedwa mphamvu.
3. Kodi mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndi chiyani?
Kuwonjezera pa kutaya mphamvu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makinawo, mphamvu yeniyeni yomwe imapezedwa ndi madzi kudzera pa mpope pa nthawi ya unit imatchedwa mphamvu yogwira ntchito.
4. Kodi mphamvu ya shaft ndi chiyani?
A: Mphamvu yomwe imasamutsidwa kuchokera ku mota kupita ku shaft ya mpope imatchedwa mphamvu ya shaft.
5.Nchifukwa chiyani zimanenedwa kuti mphamvu yoperekedwa ndi galimoto ku mpope nthawi zonse imakhala yaikulu kuposa mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya mpope?
A: 1) Pamene pampu ya centrifugal ikugwira ntchito, gawo la madzi othamanga kwambiri mu mpope lidzabwereranso kumalo olowera pampu, kapena ngakhale kutuluka pampu, kotero kuti gawo la mphamvu liyenera kutayika;
2) Pamene madzi akuyenda kudzera mu choyikapo ndi mpope casing, kusintha kwa otaya malangizo ndi liwiro, ndi kugundana pakati pa madzimadzi kumawononganso mbali ya mphamvu;
3) Kukangana kwamakina pakati pa shaft pampu ndi kunyamula ndi chisindikizo cha shaft kumawononganso mphamvu;choncho, mphamvu yoperekedwa ndi galimoto ku shaft nthawi zonse imakhala yaikulu kuposa mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya shaft.
6. Kodi mphamvu zonse za mpope ndi ziti?
A: Chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yabwino ya mpope ndi mphamvu ya shaft ndiyo mphamvu yonse ya mpope.
7. Kodi mpope umathamanga bwanji?Kodi ndi chizindikiro chotani chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuimira?
Yankho: Kuyenda kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa madzi (kuchuluka kapena kulemera) komwe kumadutsa gawo lina la chitoliro pa nthawi ya unit.Kuthamanga kwa mpope kumasonyezedwa ndi "Q".
8. Kodi kukwezedwa kwa mpope ndi chiyani?Kodi ndi chizindikiro chotani chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuimira?
Yankho: Kukweza kumatanthawuza kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu zopezedwa ndi madzi pa kulemera kwa unit.Kukweza kwa mpope kumayimiridwa ndi "H".
9. Kodi mapampu amadzimadzi ndi chiyani?
A: 1) Ikhoza kutengera zofunikira zaukadaulo wamankhwala;
2) kukana dzimbiri;
3) Kutentha kwakukulu ndi kukana kutentha kochepa;
4) Osavala komanso kukokoloka kosamva;
5) ntchito yodalirika;
6) Palibe kutayikira kapena kutayikira pang'ono;
7) Wokhoza kunyamula zakumwa mumkhalidwe wovuta;
8) Ali ndi anti-cavitation performance.
10. Mapampu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amagawidwa m'magulu angapo malinga ndi mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito?
A: 1) Pampu ya Vane.Pampu shaft ikazungulira, imayendetsa masamba osiyanasiyana kuti ipereke mphamvu yamadzimadzi kapena axial mphamvu, ndikunyamula madziwo kupita ku payipi kapena chidebe, monga pampu ya centrifugal, pampu ya mpukutu, pampu yosakanikirana, pampu ya axial.
2) Pompo yabwino yosamuka.Mapampu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kosalekeza kwa voliyumu yamkati ya silinda yapampu kuti anyamule zamadzimadzi, monga mapampu obwerezabwereza, mapampu a pistoni, mapampu amagetsi, ndi mapampu owononga;
3) Mitundu ina ya mapampu.Monga mapampu amagetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma elekitiromagineti kunyamula ma conductor amagetsi amadzimadzi;mapampu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamadzimadzi kutengera zamadzimadzi, monga mapampu a jet, zonyamulira mpweya, ndi zina.
11. Zoyenera kuchita musanakonze pampu yamankhwala?
A: 1) Asanayambe kukonza makina ndi zida, ndikofunikira kuyimitsa makinawo, kuziziritsa, kutulutsa mphamvu, ndikudula magetsi;
2) Makina ndi zida zokhala ndi zida zoyaka moto, zophulika, zapoizoni komanso zowononga zimayenera kutsukidwa, kusalowerera ndale, ndikusinthidwa pambuyo poyesa kusanthula ndikuyesa kukonzanso kusanayambe ntchito yomanga;
3) Poyang'anira ndi kukonza zoyaka, zophulika, zapoizoni, zowononga kapena zida za nthunzi, makina, ndi mapaipi, zotulutsa ndi ma valve olowera ziyenera kudulidwa ndikuwonjezera mbale zakhungu.
12. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe ziyenera kukhalapo musanawonjezepo pampu ya mankhwala?
A: 1) kuyimitsa;2) kuzizira;3) kuchepetsa mavuto;4) kulumikiza mphamvu;5) kusuntha.
13. Kodi mfundo zowonongolera zamakina ndi ziti?
Yankho: Muzochitika zabwinobwino, iyenera kugawidwa motsatizana kuchokera kunja kupita mkati, choyamba mmwamba kenako pansi, ndikuyesera kusokoneza ziwalo zonse pamodzi.
14. Kodi kutaya mphamvu mu mpope wa centrifugal ndi chiyani?
A: Pali mitundu itatu ya zotayika: kutayika kwa hydraulic, kutayika kwa voliyumu, ndi kutayika kwa makina
1) Kutayika kwa Hydraulic: Pamene madzi akuyenda mu thupi la mpope, ngati njira yothamanga ndi yosalala, kukana kudzakhala kochepa;ngati njira yothamanga ndi yovuta, kukana kudzakhala kwakukulu.kutaya.Zotayika ziwiri pamwambapa zimatchedwa hydraulic loss.
2) Kutayika kwa voliyumu: chowongolera chikuzungulira, ndipo thupi la mpope limakhala loyima.Gawo laling'ono lamadzimadzi mumpata pakati pa chopondera ndi thupi la mpope limabwerera kumalo olowera;Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lina lamadzimadzi limayenda kuchokera ku dzenje lolowera kulowera kwa choyikapo, kapena Kutayikira kuchokera ku chisindikizo cha shaft.Ngati ndi mpope wa masitepe ambiri, mbali yake imatulukanso kuchokera ku mbale yotsalira.Zotayika izi zimatchedwa kutayika kwa voliyumu;
3) Kutayika kwamakina: tsinde likazungulira, lidzapaka mayendedwe, kulongedza, ndi zina zotero. Pamene choyikapo chimayenda mu thupi la mpope, mbale zophimba kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa chopondera zimakhala ndi mikangano ndi madzimadzi, omwe amawononga mbali ya madzi. mphamvu.Izi zotayika chifukwa cha kukangana kwa makina nthawi zonse zimakhala zotayika zamakina.
15.Muzochita zopanga, ndi maziko otani opezera kuchuluka kwa rotor?
A: Kutengera kuchuluka kwa masinthidwe ndi kapangidwe kake, kusanja kokhazikika kapena kusanja kosinthika kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.Kusasunthika kwa thupi lozungulira kumatha kuthetsedwa ndi njira ya static balance.Kukhazikika kosasunthika kungangolinganiza kusalinganika kwa malo ozungulira a mphamvu yokoka (ndiko kuti, kuthetsa mphindi), koma sangathe kuthetsa banja losagwirizana.Chifukwa chake, static balance nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyenera kwa matupi ozungulira ngati ma disc okhala ndi ma diameter ang'onoang'ono.Kwa matupi ozungulira okhala ndi ma diameter akulu, zovuta zosinthika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofala komanso zowoneka bwino, kotero kuwongolera moyenera kumafunika.
16. Kodi kufanana ndi chiyani?Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya kusanja?
A: 1) Kuchotsa kusalinganika m'zigawo zozungulira kapena zigawo zake kumatchedwa kusanja.
2) Kulinganiza kungagawidwe m'mitundu iwiri: kusanja kwa static ndi kusinthasintha kwamphamvu.
17. Kodi Static Balance ndi chiyani?
A: Pazida zina zapadera, malo akutsogolo a gawo lozungulira losalinganizika limatha kuyeza popanda kuzungulira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, malo ndi kukula kwa mphamvu yoyenera kuwonjezeredwa.Njira iyi yopezera bwino imatchedwa static balance.
18. Kodi kusinthasintha kwamphamvu ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Zigawo zikamazunguliridwa m'zigawozo, osati mphamvu ya centrifugal yokhayo yomwe imapangidwa ndi kulemera kokondera iyenera kukhala yolinganizidwa bwino, komanso kuchuluka kwa mphindi ziwiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mphamvu yapakati zimatchedwa dynamic balance.Kulinganiza kwamphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagawo omwe ali ndi liwiro lalitali, mainchesi akulu, komanso zofunikira zokhazikika pakugwirira ntchito, komanso kusanja koyenera kosinthika kuyenera kuchitika.
19. Kodi mungayeze bwanji kukondera kwa mbali zozungulira pochita kusanjika kwa magawo ozungulira?
Yankho: Choyamba, lolani gawo lolinganiza ligubuduze momasuka pa chida chosinthira kangapo.Ngati kuzungulira komaliza kuli kozungulira, pakati pa mphamvu yokoka ya gawolo kuyenera kukhala kumanja kwa mzere wapakati (chifukwa cha kukana kwamphamvu).Pangani chizindikiro ndi choko choyera pamfundoyo, ndiyeno mulole gawolo likugudubuza momasuka.Mpukutu womaliza umatsirizidwa motsatira njira yopingasa, ndiye kuti pakati pa mphamvu yokoka ya gawo loyenera liyenera kukhala kumanzere kwa mzere wolunjika pakati, kenako pangani chizindikiro ndi choko choyera, ndiye Pakatikati pa mphamvu yokoka ya zolemba ziwirizo. azimuth.
20. Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kukula kwa sikelo yoyezera mukamayendetsa magawo ozungulira?
Yankho: Choyamba, tembenuzirani mbali yokhotakhota kuti ikhale yopingasa, ndikuwonjezera kulemera koyenera pabwalo lalikulu kwambiri loyang'ana mosiyana.Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha kulemera koyenera, kaya kungayesedwe ndi kuchepetsedwa m'tsogolomu, ndipo pambuyo pa kulemera koyenera kuwonjezeredwa, kumasungabe malo opingasa kapena kugwedezeka pang'ono, ndiyeno kutembenuza gawo la madigiri 180 kuti apange. izo Sungani malo opingasa, bwerezani kangapo, pambuyo pa kulemera koyenera kwatsimikiza kukhalabe kosasintha, vulani kulemera koyenera ndikulemera, komwe kumatsimikizira mphamvu yokoka ya kulemera kwake.
21. Ndi mitundu iti ya makina ozungulira osalinganiza?
A: Kusasunthika kosasunthika, kusakhazikika kwamphamvu komanso kusalinganika kosakanikirana.
22. Momwe mungayesere kupindika kwa shaft pampu?
A: Mtsinje ukapindika, umayambitsa kusalinganika kwa rotor ndi kuvala kwa magawo osunthika komanso osasunthika.Ikani chonyamulira chaching'ono pachitsulo chooneka ngati V, ndi chotengera chachikulu pa bulaketi yodzigudubuza.Chitsulo chofanana ndi V kapena bulaketi chiyenera kuikidwa molimba, ndiyeno chizindikiro choyimba Pa chithandizo, tsinde la pamwamba limalozera pakati pa shaft, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono mutembenuzire pampu.Ngati pali kupindika kulikonse, padzakhala kuwerenga kokwanira komanso kochepa kwa micrometer pakusintha.Kusiyana pakati pa mawerengedwe awiriwa kukuwonetsa kuthamangitsidwa kwakukulu kwa ma radial akupindika kwa shaft, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kugwedezeka.Gwiritsani ntchito.Digiri yopindika ya shaft ndi theka la digiri yogwedezeka.Nthawi zambiri, kutulutsa kozungulira kwa shaft sikupitilira 0.05mm pakati komanso kupitilira 0.02mm kumapeto onse awiri.
23. Kodi mitundu itatu ya kugwedezeka kwa makina ndi iti?
A: 1) Potengera kapangidwe kake: chifukwa cha zolakwika zopanga;
2) Kuyika: makamaka chifukwa cha msonkhano wosayenera ndi kukonza;
3) Ponena za ntchito: chifukwa cha ntchito yosayenera, kuwonongeka kwa makina kapena kuvala kwambiri.
24. Nchifukwa chiyani akunenedwa kuti kusokonezeka kwa rotor ndi chifukwa chofunikira cha kugwedezeka kwachilendo kwa rotor ndi kuwonongeka koyambirira kwa kunyamula?
A: Chifukwa cha chikoka cha zinthu monga zolakwika za kukhazikitsa ndi kupanga ma rotor, kupindika pambuyo potsitsa, ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa chilengedwe pakati pa ma rotor, kungayambitse kusayenda bwino.Dongosolo la shaft lomwe lili ndi kusanja bwino kwa ma rotors lingayambitse kusintha kwa mphamvu yolumikizirana.Kusintha malo enieni a ntchito ya rotor magazini ndi kubereka sikumangosintha momwe ntchito yogwirira ntchito imagwirira ntchito, komanso kumachepetsa mafupipafupi achilengedwe a dongosolo la rotor shaft.Chifukwa chake, kusalumikizana bwino kwa rotor ndi chifukwa chofunikira cha kugwedezeka kwachilendo kwa rotor ndi kuwonongeka koyambirira kwa kunyamula.
25. Kodi miyezo yoyezera ndikuwunikanso kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe ndi taper ndi yotani?
A: The ellipticity ndi taper wa sliding bearing shaft diameter ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaumisiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuyenera kupitirira gawo limodzi mwa magawo chikwi chimodzi.The elliptical ndi taper wa m'mimba mwake shaft wa zonyamula anagubuduza si wamkulu kuposa 0.05mm.
26. Kodi tiyenera kusamala chiyani posonkhanitsa mapampu amankhwala?
A: 1) Kaya tsinde la mpope ndi lopindika kapena lopunduka;
2) Kaya mlingo wa rotor ukugwirizana ndi muyezo;
3) kusiyana pakati pa choyikapo ndi mpope casing;
4) Kaya kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika kwa njira yolipitsira buffer ya makina osindikizira kumakwaniritsa zofunikira;
5) Concentricity wa mpope rotor ndi volute;
6) Kaya mzere wapakati wa pompu impeller flow channel ndi mzere wapakati wa volute flow channel ukugwirizana;
7) Sinthani kusiyana pakati pa kunyamula ndi chivundikiro chomaliza;
8) Kusintha kwa kusiyana kwa gawo losindikiza;
9) Kaya msonkhano wa motor transmission system ndi kusintha (kuwonjezeka, kutsika) kuchepetsa liwiro kumakwaniritsa miyezo;
10) Kugwirizana kwa coaxiality wa kugwirizana;
11) Kaya phokoso la mphete likugwirizana ndi muyezo;
12) Kaya mphamvu yomangirira ya ma bolts olumikizira gawo lililonse ndi yoyenera.
27. Kodi cholinga cha kukonza mpope n’chiyani?Kodi zofunika ndi ziti?
A: Cholinga: Kupyolera mu kukonza pampu ya makina, kuchotsani mavuto omwe amakhalapo pakapita nthawi yaitali.
Zofunikira ndi izi:
1) Kuthetsa ndi kusintha mipata ikuluikulu mpope chifukwa kuvala ndi dzimbiri;
2) Kuchotsa dothi, dothi ndi dzimbiri mu mpope;
3) Konzani kapena kusintha magawo osayenerera kapena opanda pake;
4) Mayeso a rotor balance ndi oyenerera;5) The coaxiality pakati pa mpope ndi dalaivala kufufuzidwa ndi kukumana muyezo;
6) Kuyesedwa koyeserera ndikoyenera, deta yatha, ndipo zofunikira zopanga njira zimakwaniritsidwa.
28. Chifukwa chiyani kupopera mphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri?
A: 1) Mutu wonse sukugwirizana ndi mutu wa mpope;
2) Kuchulukana ndi kukhuthala kwa sing'anga sizigwirizana ndi mapangidwe oyambirira;
3) Mtsinje wa mpope ndi wosagwirizana kapena wopindika ndi axis wa prime mover;
4) Pali kukangana pakati pa gawo lozungulira ndi gawo lokhazikika;
5) Mphete yochititsa chidwi yavala;
6) Kuyika kolakwika kwa chisindikizo kapena makina osindikizira.
29. Zifukwa zotani za kusalinganika kwa rotor?
A: 1) Zolakwika zopanga: kusachulukira kwa zinthu, kusanja bwino, kusanja, kusanja kutentha;
2) Msonkhano wolakwika: mzere wapakati wa gawo la msonkhano suli coaxial ndi olamulira;
3) Rotor ndi yopunduka: kuvala sikuli kofanana, ndipo shaft imapunduka pansi pa ntchito ndi kutentha.
30. Kodi rotor yosasinthika ndi chiyani?
A: Pali ma rotor omwe ali ofanana ndi kukula kwake komanso mosiyana ndi njira, ndipo omwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono timaphatikizidwa mumagulu awiri amphamvu omwe sali pamzere wowongoka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-05-2023