1. Chii chinonzi pombi?
A: Pombi muchina unoshandura simba remuchina weprime mover kuita simba rekupomba zvinwiwa.
2. Chii chinonzi simba?
A: Kuwanda kwebasa rinoitwa pachikamu chenguva chinonzi simba.
3. Chii chinonzi simba rinoshanda?
Pamusoro pekurasikirwa kwesimba uye kushandiswa kwemichina pachayo, iyo chaiyo simba rinowanikwa nemvura kuburikidza nepombi pane imwe unit nguva inonzi simba rinoshanda.
4. Chii chinonzi shaft simba?
A: Simba rinotamiswa kubva kumota kuenda kune pombi shaft inonzi shaft simba.
5.Sei zvichinzi simba rinoendeswa nemotokari kune pombi rinogara rakakura kudarika simba rinoshanda repombi?
A: 1) Apo pombi ye centrifugal iri kushanda, chikamu chemvura yakakwirira-yemvura mupombi ichayerera ichidzokera kune inopinza yepombi, kana kunyange kubuda kunze kwepombi, saka chikamu chesimba chinofanira kurasikirwa;
2) Kana iyo mvura inoyerera kuburikidza ne impeller uye pombi casing, shanduko yekuyerera kwekutungamira uye kumhanya, uye kudhumhana pakati pemvura kunopedzawo chikamu chesimba;
3) Iyo mechanical friction pakati pepombi shaft uye inotakura uye shaft chisimbiso inopedzawo mamwe simba;saka, simba rinofambiswa nemota kune shaft rinogara rakakura kupfuura simba rinoshanda reshaft.
6. Chii chiri kushanda kwese kwepombi?
A: Chiyero chesimba rinoshanda repombi kune simba re shaft ndiko kukwana kwakakwana kwepombi.
7. Chii chinonzi kuyerera kwepombi?Chiratidzo chipi chinoshandiswa kuchimiririra?
A: Kuyerera kunoreva huwandu hwemvura (vhoriyamu kana misa) inoyerera nepakati pechimwe chikamu chepombi pachikamu chenguva.Kuyerera kwepombi kunoratidzwa ne "Q".
8. Chii chinonzi kusimudza pombi?Chiratidzo chipi chinoshandiswa kuchimiririra?
A: Lift inoreva kuwedzera kwesimba rinowanikwa nemvura pahuremu hweyuniti.Kusimudza kwepombi kunomiririrwa ne "H".
9. Ndeapi maitiro emapombi emakemikari?
A: 1) Inogona kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvemakemikari tekinoroji;
2) Corrosion resistance;
3) Kupisa kwakanyanya uye kushomeka kwekushisa;
4) Kupfeka-kusagadzikana uye kukukurwa kwevhu;
5) Kushanda kwakavimbika;
6) No leakage kana kushoma leakage;
7) Kukwanisa kutakura zvinwiwa munzvimbo yakaoma;
8) Iine anti-cavitation performance.
10. Inowanzo shandiswa mechanical pumps yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana maererano nemitemo yavo yekushanda?
A: 1) Vane pombi.Kana pombi shaft ichitenderera, inotyaira mapeller blades akasiyana-siyana kuti ipe mvura centrifugal simba kana axial simba, uye kutakura mvura iyi kuenda nayo papombi kana mugaba, senge centrifugal pombi, Scrolling pump, mix flow pump, axial flow pump.
2) Positive displacement pombi.Mapombi anoshandisa kuenderera mberi kwekuchinja kwemukati wepombi cylinder kutakura zvinwiwa, senge pombi dzinodzokorora, pombi dzepiston, pombi dzegiya, uye screw pumps;
3) Mamwe marudzi emapombi.Zvakadai semapombi emagetsi anoshandisa magetsi kutakura maconductor emagetsi emvura;pombi dzinoshandisa simba remvura kutakura zvinwiwa, semapombi ejeti, zvinosimudza mhepo, nezvimwe.
11. Chii chinofanira kuitwa pamberi pekugadzirisa pombi yemakemikari?
A: 1) Pamberi pekugadzirisa michina nemidziyo, zvinodikanwa kumisa muchina, kutonhorera pasi, kusunungura kudzvanywa, uye kudzima magetsi;
2) Michina nemidziyo ine zvinopisa, zvinoputika, zvine muchetura uye zvinoparadza midhiya zvinofanirwa kucheneswa, kumiswa, uye kutsiviwa mushure mekupfuura ongororo uye kuyedzwa kusati kwagadziriswa kusati kwatanga kuvaka;
3) Kuongorora uye kuchengetedza zvinopisa, zvinoputika, zvine muchetura, zvinoparadza midhiya kana midziyo yeutsi, michina, uye mapaipi, mavharuvhu ekubuda uye ekupinda anofanira kudimburwa uye mahwendefa asingaoni anofanira kuwedzerwa.
12. Ndeapi maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro anofanira kunge aripo pamberi pemakemikari pombi ekugadzirisa?
A: 1) kumira;2) kutonhora;3) kusununguka kwekumanikidzwa;4) kubvisa simba;5) kubvisa.
13. Ndeapi ari general mechanical disassembly nheyo?
A: Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, inofanira kuparadzaniswa munhevedzano kubva kunze kusvika mukati, kutanga kumusoro uye pasi, uye kuedza kuparadzanisa zvikamu zvose zvakazara.
14. Ndezvipi kurasikirwa kwemagetsi mupombi ye centrifugal?
A: Kune marudzi matatu ekurasikirwa: kurasikirwa kwehydraulic, kurasikirwa kwevhoriyamu, uye kurasikirwa kwemagetsi
1) Kurasikirwa kweHydraulic: Apo mvura inoyerera mumuviri wepombi, kana nzira yekuyerera iri nyore, kushorwa kuchava kuduku;kana nzira yekuyerera yakaoma, kushorwa kuchava kukuru.kurasikirwa.Kurasikirwa kuviri kuri pamusoro kunodaidzwa kuti hydraulic kurasikirwa.
2) Kurasikirwa kwevhoriyamu: iyo impeller iri kutenderera, uye pombi muviri wakamira.Chikamu chiduku chemvura iri mugomba pakati pemhepo uye pombi yepombi inodzokera kune inlet ye impeller;uyezve, chikamu chemvura inoyerera ichidzoka kubva pagomba rechiyero ichienda kune inopinza ye impeller, kana Kudonha kubva kushaft chisimbiso.Kana iri pombi yematanho akawanda, chikamu chayo chinodeukawo kubva pabharanzi ndiro.Kurasikirwa uku kunonzi kurasikirwa kwehuwandu;
3) Mechanical kurasikirwa: kana shaft ichitenderera, inokwesha pamabearings, kurongedza, nezvimwe. Kana iyo impeller ichitenderera mumuviri wepombi, mahwendefa ekumberi uye ekumashure evhavha yeimpeller achave nekukweshana nemvura, iyo inopedza chikamu chepombi. simba.Uku kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nekukwesha kwemuchina kunogara kuri kurasikirwa kwemuchina.
15.Muchiito chekugadzira, chii chiri chikonzero chekutsvaga chiyero che rotor?
A: Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekuchinja uye zvimiro, static balancing kana dynamic balancing inogona kushandiswa.Iyo static balance yemuviri inotenderera inogona kugadziriswa ne static balance nzira.Static balance inogona kungoenzanisa kusaenzana kwenzvimbo inotenderera yegiravhiti (ndiko kuti, kubvisa nguva), asi haigone kubvisa vasina kuenzana vaviri.Naizvozvo, static balance inowanzokodzera chete disc-shaped mitumbi inotenderera ine madhayamita madiki.Kumitumbi inotenderera ine madhayamita akakura, matambudziko ane simba anowanzo zivikanwa uye akatanhamara, saka inodiwa kugadzirisa chiyero.
16. Chii chinonzi kuenzana?Ndeapi marudzi ekuenzanisa aripo?
A: 1) Kubviswa kwekusaenzana muzvikamu zvinotenderera kunonzi kuenzanisa.
2) Kuenzanisa kunogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: static balancing uye dynamic balancing.
17. Chii chinonzi Static Balance?
A: Pane mamwe maturusi anokosha, nzvimbo yepamberi yechikamu chisina kutenderera chinotenderera chinogona kuyerwa pasina kutenderera, uye panguva imwecheteyo, chinzvimbo uye ukuru hwesimba rekuenzanisa rinofanira kuwedzerwa.Iyi nzira yekutsvaga chiyero inonzi static balance.
18. Chii chinonzi dynamic balance?
A: Kana zvikamu zvichitenderedzwa nezvikamu, kwete chete simba recentrifugal rinogadzirwa nehuremu hwakarerekera hunofanirwa kuenzana, asiwo kuenzana kwekanguva kaviri kakaumbwa necentrifugal force inonzi dynamic balance.Dynamic balancing inowanzo shandiswa kune zvikamu zvine kumhanya kwakanyanya, dhayamita hombe, uye kunyanya kusimba kwekushanda kwezvinodiwa, uye kuyera kwesimba kwakaringana kunofanirwa kuitwa.
19. Nzira yekuyera sei kutaridzika kwakarerekera kwezvikamu zvakaenzana paunenge uchiita static balancing yezvikamu zvinotenderera?
A: Chekutanga, rega chikamu chepakati chikunguruke zvakasununguka pachishandiswa chekuenzanisa kakawanda.Kana kutenderera kwekupedzisira kuri kwewachi, nzvimbo yepakati yegiravhiti yechikamu inofanira kunge iri kurudyi rwemutsara wepakati (nekuda kwekupokana).Ita mucherechedzo nechoko chena panzvimbo, uye worega chikamu chacho chichikungurukira zvakasununguka.Mupumburu wekupedzisira unopedzwa munzira inoenderana newachi, ipapo pakati pegiravhiti yechikamu chakaenzana chinofanira kunge chiri kuruboshwe rwemutsara wepakati wakatwasuka, wobva waita mucherechedzo nechoko chena, ipapo Pakati pegiravhiti yezvinyorwa zviviri izvi. iyo azimuth.
20. Nzira yekuziva sei ukuru hwehuremu hwekuenzanisa paunenge uchiita static balance yezvikamu zvinotenderera?
A: Chekutanga, shandura kurerekera kwechikamu kuenda kunzvimbo yakachinjika, wobva wawedzera huremu hwakakodzera padenderedzwa hombe pane zvakapesana.Izvi zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa pakusarudza uremu hwakakodzera, kana hunogona kuverengerwa uye kuderedzwa mune ramangwana, uye mushure mekunge huremu hwakakodzera hwawedzerwa, inoramba ichichengetedza nzvimbo yakachinjika kana kutenderera zvishoma, uyezve inodzosera chikamu 180 madhigirii kuita. iyo Chengetedza nzvimbo yakachinjika, dzokorora kakawanda, mushure mekunge uremu hwakakodzera hwakatsunga kuramba husina kuchinjwa, bvisa uremu hwakakodzera uye uhuyere, izvo zvinotarisa kusimba kwechiyero chechiyero.
21. Ndeapi marudzi e mechanical rotor unbalance?
A: Static unbalance, dynamic unbalance uye musanganiswa kusaenzana.
22. Nzira yekuyera sei pombi shaft bending?
A: Mushure mokunge shaft yakakotama, ichaita kuti kusaenzana kwe rotor uye kupfeka kwezvikamu zvine simba uye zvakasimba.Isa chidimbu chiduku pa-V-shaped iron, uye yakakura inotakura pane roller bracket.Iyo V-yakaita simbi kana bracket inofanira kuiswa zvakasimba, uye ipapo dial indicator Parutsigiro, denga repamusoro rinonongedza pakati pemugero, uye zvishoma nezvishoma tenderera pombi shaft.Kana paine chero kukotama, pachave nekuverengera uye kushoma kuverenga kweiyo micrometer per revolution.Musiyano uripo pakati pekuverenga kuviri unoratidza iyo yakanyanya radial runout yekukotama shaft, inozivikanwawo sekudedera.Shandisa.Dhigirii rekukotama re shaft imwe hafu yedhigirii rekuzunguza.Kazhinji, radial runout ye shaft haisi kupfuura 0.05mm pakati uye kupfuura 0.02mm kumativi ose maviri.
23. Ndeapi marudzi matatu ekuzunguzika kwemichina?
A: 1) Maererano nekugadzirisa: kunokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwekugadzira kukanganisa;
2) Kuiswa: kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekusangana kusina kunaka uye kugadzirisa;
3) Panyaya yekushanda: nekuda kwekushanda kusina kunaka, kukanganisa kwemagetsi kana kunyanya kupfeka.
24. Sei zvichinzi kukanganiswa kwe rotor ndicho chikonzero chakakosha chekudengenyeka kusina kujairika kwe rotor uye kukanganisa kwekutanga kwekutakura?
A: Nekuda kwekupesvedzera kwezvinhu zvakaita sekukanganisa kwekuisa uye kugadzira rotor, deformation mushure mekurodha, uye shanduko yekushisa kwezvakatipoteredza pakati pemarotor, zvinogona kukonzera kurongeka kwakashata.Iyo shaft system ine kurongeka kwakashata kwe rotors inogona kukonzera shanduko musimba rekubatanidza.Kushandura nzvimbo chaiyo yekushanda ye rotor journal uye kutakura hakusi kungoshandura mamiriro ekushanda kwekutakura, asi kunoderedzawo maitiro echisikigo e rotor shaft system.Nokudaro, rotor misalignment ndicho chikonzero chakakosha chekudengenyeka kusina kujairika kwe rotor uye kukuvara kwekutanga kwekutakura.
25. Ndeipi mipimo yekuyera nekuongorora rejenari ovality uye taper?
A: The ellipticity uye taper ye sliding bearing shaft dhayamita inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, uye kazhinji haifanirwe kunge yakakura kupfuura chikamu chimwe chete chechidimbu chedhayamita.Iyo ellipticity uye taper ye shaft dhayamita yeinotenderera inotakura haina kukura kupfuura 0.05mm.
26. Chii chinofanira kucherechedzwa pakuunganidza pombi dzemakemikari?
A: 1) Kunyangwe iyo pombi shaft yakakotama kana kuremara;
2) Kana iyo rotor balance inosangana nechiyero;
3) Mukaha pakati pe impeller uye pombi casing;
4) Kunyangwe kuwanda kwekumanikidza kweiyo buffer muripo wemuchina chisimbiso inosangana nezvinodiwa;
5) Concentricity yepombi rotor uye volute;
6) Kana mutsara wepakati wepombi impeller flow channel uye mutsara wepakati wevolute flow channel inowirirana;
7) Gadzirisa mukaha pakati pekutakura uye chivharo chekupedzisira;
8) Gap kugadziriswa kwechikamu chekuisa chisimbiso;
9) Kunyangwe kuungana kweiyo yekufambisa system mota uye iyo inoshanduka (inowedzera, inodzikisira) yekumhanyisa inoderedza inosangana nezviyero;
10) Kurongeka kwekubatana kwekubatana;
11) Kana muromo wemhete gap inosangana nechiyero;
12) Kana simba rekusimbisa rekubatanidza mabhoti echikamu chimwe nechimwe rakakodzera.
27. Chinangwa chekuchengetedza pombi ndechei?Ndezvipi zvinodiwa?
A: Chinangwa: Kuburikidza nekuchengetedzwa kwepombi yemuchina, bvisa matambudziko aripo mushure menguva refu yekushanda.
Zvinodiwa ndezvizvi:
1) Bvisa uye gadzirisa zvimedu zvakakura mupombi nekuda kwekupfeka uye kuora;
2) Bvisa tsvina, tsvina uye ngura mupombi;
3) Gadzirisa kana kutsiva zvikamu zvisina kukodzera kana zvisina kukwana;
4) Rotor balance test inokodzera;5) Iyo coaxiality pakati pepombi nemutyairi inotariswa uye inosangana neyakajairwa;
6) Yekumhanyisa bvunzo inokodzera, iyo data yakakwana, uye maitiro ekugadzira zvinodiwa anozadzikiswa.
28. Ndechipi chikonzero chekunyanya kushandiswa kwesimba kwepombi?
A: 1) Musoro wose haufananidzi musoro wepombi;
2) Kuwanda uye viscosity yepakati hazvienderani nekugadzirwa kwepakutanga;
3) Mushonga wepombi hauenderani kana kuti wakakotama neaxis ye prime mover;
4) Pane kukakavara pakati pechikamu chinotenderera uye chikamu chakagadziriswa;
5) Mhete ye impeller yakapfekwa;
6) Kuiswa kwakashata kwechisimbiso kana mechanical seal.
29. Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvekusaenzana kwerotor?
A: 1) Zvikanganiso zvekugadzira: kusaenzana kwehuwandu hwezvinhu, kusaruramisa, kunze-kwe-kutenderera, kusagadzikana kupisa kurapwa;
2) Gungano risina kururama: mutsara wepakati wechikamu chegungano haisi coaxial neaxis;
3) Rotor yakaremara: kupfeka hakuna kuenzana, uye shaft yakakanganiswa pasi pekushanda uye tembiricha.
30. Chii chinonzi dynamic unbalanced rotor?
A: Kune ma rotor akaenzana muhukuru uye akatarisana negwara, uye ayo asina kuenzana zvimedu zvakabatanidzwa mumasimba maviri akaroora asiri pamutsara wakatwasuka.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-05-2023