1. Izinhlobo eziyisisekelo nezici.
Amaphampu eringi yamanzi angahlukaniswa abe yizinhlobo ezilandelayo ngokwezakhiwo ezahlukene.
■ Amaphampu eringi yamanzi anesiteji esisodwa: Isiteji esisodwa sisho ukuthi kunempompi eyodwa kuphela, futhi ukwenza okukodwa kusho ukuthi i-impeller izungeza kanye ngesonto, futhi ukumunca kanye nokukhipha umoya kwenziwa kanye ngakunye.I-vacuum yokugcina yale futha ingaphezulu, kodwa isivinini sokumpompa nokusebenza kahle kuphansi.
■ Iphampu yeringi yamanzi enesigaba esisodwa kabili: Isiteji esisodwa sisho isiphehlisi esisodwa kuphela, ukwenza kabili kusho ukuthi isonto ngalinye i-impeller iyazungeza, ukumunca kanye ne-exhaust kwenziwa kabili.Ezimweni ezifanayo zesivinini sokumpompa, iphampu yeringi yamanzi esebenza kabili kunepompo yeringithoni yamanzi esebenza kanye yehlisa kakhulu usayizi nesisindo.Njengoba igumbi lokusebenza lisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ezinhlangothini zombili zehabhu lepompo, umthwalo osebenza ku-rotor uyathuthukiswa.Isivinini sokumpompa salolu hlobo lwepompo siphezulu futhi ukusebenza kahle kuphezulu, kodwa i-vacuum yokugcina iphansi.
■Amaphampu eringi yamanzi esiteji esikabili: Amaphampu amaningi eringi yamanzi anezigaba ezimbili amaphampu asebenza kanyekanye ochungechungeni.Empeleni, kuba ezimbili-isiteji single-ebambela amanzi futha impompi indandatho impeller ukwabelana okuvamile mandrel uxhumano.Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi isenesivinini esikhulu sokupompa ezingeni eliphezulu le-vacuum kanye nesimo sokusebenza esizinzile.
■Iphampu yeringi yamanzi yasemkhathini: Iphampu yeringitho yamanzi yasemkhathini empeleni iyisethi yama-ejector asemkhathini ochungechungeni olunephampu yeringi yamanzi.Iphampu yeringithoni yamanzi ixhunywe ngochungechunge nepompo yomoya ngaphambi kwepompo lendandatho yamanzi ukuze kwandiswe i-vacuum yokugcina nokwelula ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwepompo.
Amaphampu endandatho yamanzi anezinzuzo ezilandelayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamaphampu emishini yokuhlanza.
▪ Isakhiwo esilula, izidingo eziphansi zokunemba kokukhiqiza, kulula ukusetshenzwa.Ukusebenza okulula nokugcinwa okulula.
▪ Isakhiwo esihlangene, iphampu ngokuvamile ixhunywe ngqo enjinini futhi ine-rpm ephezulu.Ngobukhulu obuncane besakhiwo, umthamo omkhulu wokuqeda ungatholakala.
▪ Azikho izindawo zokungqubuzana kwensimbi endaweni yepompo, akukho ukuthambisa kwepompo okudingekayo.Ukubekwa uphawu phakathi kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo nezingaguquki kungenziwa ngokuqondile ngophawu lwamanzi.
▪Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwegesi ecindezelwe egunjini lepompo kuncane kakhulu futhi kungathathwa njengokucindezelwa kwe-isothermal, ngakho-ke amagesi avuthayo kanye neziqhumane angakhishwa.
▪Ukungabikho kwevalvu yokukhipha umoya kanye nezindawo ezingqubuzanayo kwenza iphampu ikwazi ukukhipha amagesi anothuli, amagesi ajiya kanye nezingxube zamanzi egesi.
2 Ububi bamaphampu eringi yamanzi.
▪ Ukusebenza kahle okuphansi, ngokuvamile cishe ku-30%, okungcono kuze kufike ku-50%.
▪ Izinga levacuum eliphansi.Lokhu akubangelwa nje kuphela ukulinganiselwa kwesakhiwo, kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, ngomfutho womoya wokugcwala koketshezi olusebenzayo.
Ngokuvamile, amaphampu endandatho yamanzi asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo ezivelele ezifana nokucindezelwa kwe-isothermal kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi njengoketshezi oluvala uphawu, amathuba okupompa amagesi avuthayo, aqhumayo futhi agqwalayo, kanye nethuba lokupompa amagesi aqukethe uthuli nothuli. umswakama.
3 Ukufakwa kwamaphampu okukhipha iringi yamanzi
Izicelo embonini yamandla: ukukhishwa kwe-condenser, ukumuncwa kwe-vacuum, ukuchithwa kwegesi ye-flue, ukuthuthwa komlotha we-fly, i-turbine seal tube exhaust, i-vacuum exhaust, ukuchithwa kwegesi ye-geothermal.
Izicelo embonini ye-petrochemical: ukubuyiswa kwegesi, ukubuyiswa kwegesi, ukukhushulwa kwegesi, ukutholwa kabusha kukawoyela okuthuthukisiwe, ukuqoqwa kwegesi, ukuzinza kukawoyela ongahluziwe, ukucwiliswa kwe-vacuum kawoyela ongahluziwe, ukucindezelwa kwe-exhaust, ukubuyiswa komhwamuko/ukukhulisa igesi, ukuhlunga/ukususwa kwewax, ukubuyiswa kwegesi yomsila, i-polyester ukukhiqizwa, ukukhiqizwa kwe-PVC, ukupakishwa, ukucindezelwa kwegesi ejikelezayo, i-variable pressure adsorption (PSA), ukukhiqizwa, ukucindezelwa kwamagesi avuthayo naqhuma njenge-acetylene ne-hydrogen, amasistimu kawoyela ongahluziwe weVacuum phezulu kwemibhoshongo ekuncishisweni kwengcindezi, i-vacuum crystallization nokomisa. , i-vacuum filtration, ukuthuthwa kwe-vacuum yezinto ezihlukahlukene.
Izicelo embonini yokukhiqiza: ukomisa (amathreyi, ama-rotary, ukuwa, okomisa okomile kanye neqhwa), ukukhiqiza kabusha/ukomiswa kwe-reactor, ukucwiliswa kwe-distillation, ukukhipha umoya, ukucwebezela/ukuhwamuka, ukugcwaliswa kabusha kanye/noma ukudluliswa kwempahla.
Izicelo ekukhiqizweni kwe-pulp nephepha: ukuhwamuka kotshwala obumnyama, ama-pulp washers amaholo, i-lime slurry nezihlungi, izihlungi zenhlabathi, ama-vacuum dewaterers, ama-raw material kanye nezinhlelo zokususa amanzi amhlophe, ama-compressor box conditioning box, amabhokisi okumunca, ama-couch rolls, ama-suction transfer rolls kanye nokudlulisa. ama-roll, ama-vacuum press, amabhokisi okumunca indwangu yoboya, amabhokisi aphikisana nokushaywa.
Izicelo embonini yepulasitiki: i-extruder de-aeration, amatafula okulinganisa (iphrofayili), i-EPS eyenza amagwebu, okomisa, amayunithi okudlulisa umoya womoya, i-vinyl chloride gas extraction kanye nokucindezelwa.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza embonini yamathuluzi: ukuvala inzalo ngesitimu, izinto zokuphefumula, omatilasi bomoya, izingubo zokuzivikela, amathuluzi amazinyo, amasistimu evacuum amaphakathi.
Izicelo embonini yezemvelo: ukulungiswa kwamanzi angcolile, ukucindezelwa kwe-biogas, ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi e-vacuum, ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile / i-oxidation ye-sludge tank oxidation esebenzayo, umoya we-fish pond ventilation, ukukhishwa kwegesi yokukhiqiza imfucuza (i-biogas), ukubuyiswa kwe-biogas (i-biogas), imishini yokuhlanza imfucuza.
Izicelo embonini yokudla neziphuzo: imishini yokuhlanza i-salmon, ukucolisa amanzi amaminerali, uwoyela wesaladi nokuqeda ukunuka kwamafutha, inzalo yetiye nezinongo, ukukhiqizwa kwamasoseji nenyama yenyama, ukumanzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi, ama-vacuum evaporator.
Izicelo embonini yokupakisha: ukufaka izikhwama zokugcwalisa impahla, ukuletha izikhwama ezivuliwe ngokuphuma, ukuthutha izinto zokupakisha kanye nemikhiqizo, ukunamathisela amalebula nezinto zokupakisha ngeglue, ukuphakamisa amabhokisi ekhadibhodi ngokusebenzisa ama-vacuum manipulators nokuwahlanganisa, ukupakishwa kwevacuum kanye nokufaka umoya. ukupakishwa (MAP), ukukhiqizwa kweziqukathi ze-PET, ukomiswa kwamapellets epulasitiki, ukuhanjiswa kwamapulangwe epulasitiki, ukucisha umoya wama-extruder, ukubumba ijethi Ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokwelashwa kwezingxenye ezibunjiwe ngomjovo, ukomiswa kwezingxenye ezibunjiwe ngomjovo, ukugoqa amabhodlela, ukwelashwa kwe-plasma. ukusetha isithiyo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-pneumatic kwamabhodlela, ukugcwalisa nokugcwalisa, ukulebula, ukupakisha nokubunjwa, ukugaywa kabusha.
Izicelo embonini yokucubungula izinkuni: ukubamba nokubamba, ukomiswa kwezinkuni, ukulondolozwa kwezinkuni, ukufakwa kwezingodo.
Izicelo embonini yasolwandle: i-condenser exhaust, ukupompa i-vacuum emaphakathi, ama-compressor komoya omoya ophansi wasolwandle, i-turbine seal pipe exhaust.
Izicelo ekuphathweni kwesikhungo: indawo yokomisa, ukuvikela ukugqwala kwezintambo zamanzi, izinhlelo zokuhlanza i-vacuum emaphakathi.
Izicelo embonini ye-metallurgical: i-steel de-aeration.
Izicelo embonini kashukela: ukulungiswa kwe-CO2, ukuhluzwa kokungcola, ukufakwa kuma-evaporator nezinkomishi zokumunca i-vacuum.
4 Amaphuzu abalulekile ongawakhetha
I. Ukunqunywa kohlobo lwephampu yokuvala iringi yamanzi
Uhlobo lwepompo ye-vacuum yendandatho yamanzi lunqunywa ngokuyinhloko indawo empontshwayo, umthamo wegesi odingekayo, idigri ye-vacuum noma ingcindezi yokukhipha umoya.
II.Okwesibili, iphampu yevacuum yendandatho yamanzi idinga ukunaka amaphuzu amabili ngemva kokusebenza okuvamile.
I-1, Ngangokunokwenzeka, izinga le-vacuum lephampu ye-vacuum ekhethiwe liyadingeka ukuba libe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza kahle kakhulu, okungukuthi, ukusebenza endaweni yezinga le-vacuum elidingekayo elidingekayo noma ingcindezi edingekayo yokukhipha umoya, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuthi iphampu ye-vacuum ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile ngokuvumelana nezimo nezidingo ezidingekayo.Ukusebenza eduze kwezinga eliphezulu le-vacuum noma ububanzi bengcindezi yokukhipha umoya wephampu ye-vacuum kufanele kugwenywe.
Ukusebenza kule ndawo akukhona nje kuphela ukungasebenzi kahle ngokwedlulele, kodwa futhi akuzinzile futhi kujwayele ukudlidliza nomsindo.Kumaphampu e-vacuum anezinga eliphezulu le-vacuum, elisebenza ngaphakathi kwale ndawo, i-cavitation ivame ukwenzeka, okubonakala ngomsindo nokudlidliza ngaphakathi kwepompo ye-vacuum.I-cavitation eyeqile ingaholela ekulimaleni komzimba wepompo, i-impeller nezinye izingxenye, ukuze ipompo ye-vacuum ingasebenzi kahle.
Kungabonakala ukuthi lapho i-vacuum noma ingcindezi yegesi edingwa iphampu ye-vacuum ingekho phezulu, okubaluleke kakhulu kunganikezwa iphampu yesiteji esisodwa.Uma isidingo sedigri ye-vacuum noma ingcindezi yegesi iphezulu, iphampu yesiteji esisodwa ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nayo, noma, isidingo sephampu sisenevolumu enkulu yegesi esimweni sezinga eliphezulu le-vacuum, okungukuthi, imfuneko yejika lokusebenza. ithambile ngeziqu ze-vacuum ephakeme, iphampu enezigaba ezimbili ingakhethwa.Uma isidingo se-vacuum singaphezu kuka-710mmHg, iyunithi yokuvala iringi yamanzi ye-Roots ingasetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokumpompa i-vacuum.
I-2, Khetha kahle ipompo ye-vacuum ngokusho komthamo odingekayo wokupompa wesistimu
Uma uhlobo lwephampu ye-vacuum noma iyunithi ye-vacuum ikhethiwe, imodeli efanele kufanele ikhethwe ngokuvumelana nomthamo wokupompa odingekayo wesistimu.
Izici zezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphampu e-vacuum yeringi yamanzi zimi kanje.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-18-2022