1. Yini iphampu?
A: Iphampu ingumshini oguqula amandla emishini yesiguquli esiyinhloko sibe amandla okumpompa uketshezi.
2. Ayini amandla?
A: Inani lomsebenzi owenziwe ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi libizwa ngokuthi amandla.
3. Ayini amandla asebenzayo?
Ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa amandla kanye nokusetshenziswa komshini ngokwawo, amandla angempela atholwe uketshezi ngepompo ngesikhathi seyunithi abizwa ngokuthi amandla asebenzayo.
4. Ayini amandla eshaft?
A: Amandla adluliswa ukusuka kumotho ukuya ku-pump shaft abizwa ngokuthi amandla e-shaft.
5.Kungani kuthiwa amandla alethwa yi-motor epompo ahlala emkhulu kunamandla asebenzayo wepompo?
A: 1) Lapho iphampu ye-centrifugal isebenza, ingxenye yoketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu empompini izogeleza ibuyele endaweni yokungena yepompo, noma iphumele ngaphandle kwepompo, ngakho ingxenye yamandla kufanele ilahleke;
2) Lapho uketshezi lugeleza ku-impeller kanye ne-pump casing, ukuguqulwa kwesiqondiso sokugeleza nesivinini, kanye nokushayisana phakathi koketshezi nakho kudla ingxenye yamandla;
I-3) Ukungqubuzana kwemishini phakathi kwe-pump shaft kanye ne-bearing kanye ne-shaft seal nakho kudla amandla athile;ngakho-ke, amandla adluliselwa yi-motor ku-shaft ahlale emakhulu kunamandla asebenzayo we-shaft.
6. Kuyini ukusebenza kahle jikelele kwephampu?
A: Isilinganiso samandla asebenzayo wepompo kumandla we-shaft ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwepompo.
7. Lithini izinga lokugeleza kwephampu?Iluphi uphawu olusetshenziselwa ukulimelela?
A: Ukugeleza kubhekisela enanini loketshezi (ivolumu noma isisindo) eligeleza engxenyeni ethile yepayipi ngesikhathi seyunithi.Izinga lokugeleza kwepompo liboniswa ngokuthi “Q”.
8. Kuyini ukuphakama kwepompo?Iluphi uphawu olusetshenziselwa ukulimelela?
A: I-Lift isho ukukhuphuka kwamandla atholwe ngoketshezi ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo.Ukuphakanyiswa kwephampu kumelelwe ngokuthi "H".
9. Yiziphi izici zamaphampu amakhemikhali?
A: 1) Ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zobuchwepheshe bamakhemikhali;
2) Ukumelana nokugqwala;
3) Ukushisa okuphezulu nokumelana nokushisa okuphansi;
4) Ukumelana nokuguga nokuguguleka;
5) Ukusebenza okuthembekile;
6) Akukho ukuvuza noma ukuvuza okuncane;
7) Ukukwazi ukuthutha uketshezi esimweni esibucayi;
I-8) Inokusebenza kwe-anti-cavitation.
10. Amaphampu asetshenziswa ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana ngokuvumelana nezimiso zabo zokusebenza?
A: 1) Iphampu ye-Vane.Lapho i-pump shaft izungezisa, ishayela ama-impeller blades ahlukahlukene ukuze inikeze amandla oketshezi ayi-centrifugal noma amandla e-axial, futhi ihambise uketshezi epayipini noma esitsheni, njengepompo eyi-centrifugal, iphampu yokuskrola, iphampu yokugeleza okuxubile, iphampu yokugeleza kwe-axial.
2) Iphampu enhle yokususa.Amaphampu asebenzisa izinguquko eziqhubekayo kuvolumu yangaphakathi yesilinda sepompo ukuthutha uketshezi, njengamaphampu aphindaphindayo, amaphampu e-piston, amaphampu egiya, namaphampu ngezikulufu;
3) Ezinye izinhlobo zamaphampu.Okufana namaphampu kagesi asebenzisa i-electromagnetic ukuthutha amakhondukta kagesi awuketshezi;amaphampu asebenzisa amandla aketshezi ukuthutha uketshezi, njengamaphampu ejethi, izinto zokuphakamisa umoya, njll.
11. Yini okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokugcinwa kwephampu yamakhemikhali?
A: 1) Ngaphambi kokulungiswa kwemishini nemishini, kuyadingeka ukumisa umshini, ukupholisa phansi, ukukhulula ukucindezela, nokunqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla;
2) Imishini nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinemithombo yezindaba ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo, ezinobuthi kanye nezibolayo kumele zihlanzwe, zingathathi hlangothi, futhi kufakwe enye indawo ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlaziya nokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwakhiwa;
3) Ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kugcinwe izinto ezishisayo, eziqhumayo, ezinobuthi, izinto ezibolayo noma izisetshenziswa zesitimu, imishini, namapayipi, indawo yokukhipha impahla kanye namavalvu okungenisa kumele kunqanyulwe futhi kwengezwe namapuleti angaboni emehlweni.
12. Yiziphi izimo zenqubo okufanele zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba kulungiswe kabusha iphampu yamakhemikhali?
A: 1) ukuma;2) ukupholisa;3) ukukhululeka kwengcindezi;4) ukunqamula amandla;5) ukususwa.
13. Yiziphi izimiso ezijwayelekile zokuhlakaza imishini?
IMPENDULO: Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kufanele ihlakazwe ngokulandelana ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya ngaphakathi, kuqala phezulu bese phansi, bese izama ukuqaqa zonke izingxenye sezizonke.
14. Kuyini ukulahleka kwamandla empompini eyi-centrifugal?
A: Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokulahlekelwa: ukulahleka kwe-hydraulic, ukulahleka kwevolumu, nokulahlekelwa kwemishini
I-1) Ukulahlekelwa kwe-Hydraulic: Uma uketshezi lugeleza emzimbeni wepompo, uma indlela yokugeleza ibushelelezi, ukumelana kuzoba kuncane;uma indlela yokugeleza inzima, ukumelana kuzoba kukhulu.ukulahlekelwa.Lokhu kulahlekelwa okubili okungenhla kubizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa ngama-hydraulic.
I-2) Ukulahlekelwa kwevolumu: i-impeller iyajikeleza, futhi umzimba wepompo umile.Ingxenye encane yoketshezi egebeni phakathi kwe-impeller nomzimba wepompo ibuyela ekungeneni kwe-impeller;ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yoketshezi igeleza ibuye isuka embotsheni yebhalansi iye endaweni ye-impeller, noma Ukuvuza ku-shaft seal.Uma kuyiphampu enezigaba eziningi, ingxenye yayo izovuza isuka ku-balance plate.Lokhu kulahlekelwa kubizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa umthamo;
3) Ukulahleka kwemishini: lapho i-shaft ijikeleza, izogubha ngokumelene nama-bearings, ukupakisha, njll. Uma i-impeller ijikeleza emzimbeni wepompo, amapuleti ekhava angaphambili nangemuva e-impeller azoba nokungqubuzana noketshezi, okuzodla ingxenye amandla.Lokhu kulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana kwemishini kuzohlala kungukulahlekelwa kwemishini.
15.Emsebenzini wokukhiqiza, siyini isisekelo sokuthola ibhalansi ye-rotor?
IMP: Ngokuya ngenani lama-revolutions nezakhiwo, ukulinganisa okumile noma ukulinganisa okuguquguqukayo kungasetshenziswa.Ibhalansi emile yomzimba ojikelezayo ingaxazululwa ngendlela yebhalansi emile.Ibhalansi emile ingakwazi ukulinganisa kuphela ukungalingani kwesikhungo esijikelezayo sokudonsela phansi (okungukuthi, ukuqeda umzuzu), kodwa ayikwazi ukuqeda umbhangqwana ongalingani.Ngakho-ke, ibhalansi emile ngokuvamile ifaneleka kuphela imizimba ejikelezayo emise okwediski enobubanzi obuncane kakhulu.Emizimbeni ejikelezayo enobubanzi obukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, izinkinga zebhalansi eguquguqukayo zivame ukuvame kakhulu futhi zivelele, ngakho ukucubungula ibhalansi okuguquguqukayo kuyadingeka.
16. Kuyini ukulingana?Zingaki izinhlobo zokulinganisa ezikhona?
A: 1) Ukuqedwa kokungalingani ezingxenyeni ezijikelezayo noma izingxenye kubizwa ngokuthi ukulinganisa.
2) Ukulinganisa kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukulinganisa okumile nokulinganisa okuguquguqukayo.
17. Iyini i-Static Balance?
IMPENDULO: Kwezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezikhethekile, indawo engaphambili yengxenye ejikelezayo engalingani ingalinganiswa ngaphandle kokuzungezisa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo nobukhulu bamandla ebhalansi kufanele kwengezwe.Le ndlela yokuthola ibhalansi ibizwa ngokuthi ibhalansi emile.
18. Iyini ibhalansi eguquguqukayo?
IMPENDULO: Uma izingxenye zizungeziswa ngezingxenye, akuwona kuphela amandla aphakathi nendawo akhiqizwa isisindo esichemile okufanele alingane, kodwa futhi nebhalansi yomzuzu wombhangqwana owenziwe amandla aphakathi nendawo ibizwa ngokuthi ibhalansi eguquguqukayo.Ukulinganisa okunamandla ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izingxenye ezinesivinini esikhulu, ububanzi obukhulu, kanye nezimfuneko eziqinile zokunemba zokusebenza, kanye nokulinganisa okunembile okushukumisayo kufanele kwenziwe.
19. Ungakala kanjani umumo ochemile wezingxenye ezilinganisiwe lapho wenza ukulinganisa okumile kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo?
A: Okokuqala, vumela ingxenye esele igoqeke ngokukhululekile ethuluzini lokulinganisa izikhathi eziningana.Uma ukuzungeza kokugcina kuhambisana newashi, isikhungo sokudonsela phansi kwengxenye kufanele sibe kwesokudla somugqa wesikhungo ome mpo (ngenxa yokumelana nokungqubuzana).Yenza umaka ngoshoki omhlophe ephuzwini, bese uvumela ingxenye igoqe ngokukhululekile.Umqulu wokugcina ugcwaliswa ngendlela ephikisana newashi, khona-ke isikhungo sokudonsela phansi kwengxenye elinganisiwe kufanele sibe kwesokunxele somugqa ophakathi nendawo oqondile, bese wenza uphawu ngoshoki omhlophe, khona-ke Isikhungo se-gravity yamarekhodi amabili i-azimuth.
20. Indlela yokunquma usayizi wesisindo sebhalansi lapho wenza ibhalansi emile yezingxenye ezijikelezayo?
IMP: Okokuqala, phendula umumo ochemile wengxenye uye endaweni evundlile, bese wengeza isisindo esifanele endingilizini enkulu kunazo zonke endaweni ephambene yokulinganisa.Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa isisindo esifanele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi singalinganiswa futhi sincishiswe esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngemva kokwengezwa kwesisindo esifanele, sisagcina isikhundla esivundlile noma sishintshashintsha kancane, bese sihlehlisa ingxenye engu-180 degrees ukwenza it Gcina isikhundla esivundlile, phinda izikhathi eziningana, ngemuva kokuba isisindo esifanele sinqunywe ukuthi singashintshi, susa isisindo esifanele futhi usikale, esinquma ubukhulu besisindo sokulinganisa.
21. Yiziphi izinhlobo zokungalingani kwe-rotor yemishini?
A: Ukungalingani okumile, ukungalingani okuguquguqukayo kanye nokungalingani okuxubile.
22. Ungakala kanjani ukugoba kwe-pump shaft?
A: Ngemuva kokuthi i-shaft igobile, izobangela ukungalingani kwe-rotor nokugqoka kwezingxenye eziguquguqukayo nezimile.Beka i-bearing encane phezu kwensimbi emise okwe-V, kanye ne-bearing enkulu kubakaki be-roller.Insimbi emise okwe-V noma ubakaki kufanele ibekwe iqine, bese kuba inkomba yokudayela Ekusekelweni, isiqu esingaphezulu sikhomba enkabeni ye-shaft, bese sizungeza kancane i-pump shaft.Uma kukhona ukugoba, kuzoba nokufundwa okuphezulu nobuncane be-micrometer ngokuphenduka ngakunye.Umehluko phakathi kwalokhu kufundwa okubili ubonisa ukuphuma kwe-radial okuphezulu kokugoba kwe-shaft, okubuye kwaziwe njengokunyakazisa.Sebenzisa.Izinga lokugoba le-shaft liyingxenye eyodwa kwezinga lokuthuthumela.Ngokuvamile, ukuphuma kwe-radial ye-shaft akubi ngaphezu kuka-0.05mm phakathi nendawo nangaphezulu kuka-0.02mm kuzo zombili iziphetho.
23. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezintathu zokudlidliza kwemishini?
A: 1) Ngokwesakhiwo: okubangelwa amaphutha edizayini yokukhiqiza;
2) Ukufakwa: ikakhulukazi okubangelwa ukuhlangana nokugcinwa okungalungile;
3) Mayelana nokusebenza: ngenxa yokusebenza okungalungile, ukulimala komshini noma ukugqoka ngokweqile.
24. Kungani kuthiwa ukungahambi kahle kwe-rotor kuyimbangela ebalulekile yokudlidliza okungavamile kwe-rotor kanye nokulimala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ekuthwaleni?
IMPENDULO: Ngenxa yethonya lezici ezinjengamaphutha okufaka nokukhiqizwa kwe-rotor, ukuwohloka ngemva kokulayisha, kanye noshintsho lokushisa kwemvelo phakathi kwama-rotor, kungase kubangele ukuqondanisa kabi.Uhlelo lwe-shaft olunokuqondanisa okungalungile kwama-rotors lungabangela izinguquko emandleni okuhlanganisa.Ukushintsha isikhundla sangempela sokusebenza sephephabhuku le-rotor kanye nokuthwala akushintshi nje kuphela isimo sokusebenza sokuthwala, kodwa futhi kunciphisa imvamisa yemvelo yesistimu ye-rotor shaft.Ngakho-ke, ukungahambi kahle kwe-rotor kuyimbangela ebalulekile yokudlidliza okungavamile kwe-rotor kanye nokulimala kwangaphambili ekuthwaleni.
25. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokulinganisa nokubuyekeza i-ovality yejenali kanye ne-taper?
A: I-elliptical kanye ne-taper yobubanzi be-shaft ene-sliding bear kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zobuchwepheshe, futhi ngokuvamile akufanele ibe nkulu kunengxenye eyinkulungwane yobubanzi.I-ellipticity kanye ne-taper yobubanzi be-shaft ye-rolling bearing ayikho ngaphezu kuka-0.05mm.
26. Yini okufanele inakwe lapho kuhlanganiswa amaphampu amakhemikhali?
A: 1) Ukuthi i-pump shaft igobile noma ikhubazekile;
2) Ukuthi ibhalansi ye-rotor ihlangabezana nezinga;
3) Igebe phakathi kwe-impeller kanye ne-pump casing;
4) Ukuthi inani lokuminyanisa lomshini wesinxephezelo sebhafa wophawu lomshini liyahlangabezana yini nezidingo;
5) Ukugxila kwe-pump rotor kanye ne-volute;
6) Ukuthi umugqa omaphakathi womzila wokugeleza we-impeller kanye nomugqa omaphakathi womzila we-volute flow uhambisana yini;
7) Lungisa igebe phakathi kokuthela kanye nesembozo sokugcina;
8) Ukulungiswa kwegebe kwengxenye yokubeka uphawu;
9) Ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwenjini yesistimu yokudlulisela kanye nokuguquguqukayo (okwandayo, okuyehlisayo) okuncishiswayo kuyahlangabezana yini namazinga;
10) Ukuqondanisa i-coaxiality yokuhlanganisa;
11) Ukuthi igebe lendandatho yomlomo liyahlangabezana yini nezinga;
12) Ukuthi amandla okuqinisa amabhawudi axhumayo engxenye ngayinye afanelekile.
27. Iyini inhloso yokugcinwa kwephampu?Yiziphi izidingo?
A: Inhloso: Ngokulungiswa kwepompo yomshini, susa izinkinga ezikhona ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokusebenza.
Izidingo zimi kanje:
1) Susa futhi ulungise izikhala ezinkulu empompini ngenxa yokugqoka nokugqwala;
2) Ukuqeda ukungcola, ukungcola nokugqwala empompini;
3) Lungisa noma shintsha izingxenye ezingafanelekile noma ezinesici;
4) Ukuhlolwa kwebhalansi ye-rotor kufanelekile;5) I-coaxiality phakathi kwepompo nomshayeli iyahlolwa futhi ihlangabezana nezinga;
6) Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kufanelekile, idatha iphelile, futhi izidingo zokukhiqiza inqubo ziyahlangatshezwa.
28. Iyini isizathu sokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokweqile kwepompo?
A: 1) Ikhanda eliphelele alifani nekhanda lepompo;
2) Ukuminyana kanye ne-viscosity ye-medium akuhambisani nomklamo wokuqala;
I-3) I-shaft yepompo ayihambisani noma igobe nge-axis ye-prime mover;
4) Kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwengxenye ejikelezayo kanye nengxenye engashintshi;
5) I-impeller ring igqokwe;
6) Ukufakwa okungalungile kophawu noma uphawu lomshini.
29. Yiziphi izizathu zokungalingani kwe-rotor?
A: 1) Amaphutha okukhiqiza: ukuminyana kwempahla engalingani, ukungaboni ngaso linye, ukungabikho kwendingilizi, ukuphathwa kokushisa okungalingani;
I-2) Umhlangano ongalungile: umugqa omaphakathi wengxenye yomhlangano awuyona i-coaxial ne-axis;
I-3) I-rotor ikhubazekile: ukugqoka akulingani, futhi i-shaft ikhubazekile ngaphansi kokusebenza nokushisa.
30. Iyini i-rotor eguquguqukayo engalingani?
A: Kukhona ama-rotor alingana ngosayizi futhi aphikisana ngendlela, futhi izinhlayiya zazo ezingalingani zihlanganiswa zibe imibhangqwana emibili yamandla engekho emgqeni oqondile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-05-2023